Understanding Loan Consolidation

Thinking about consolidating your student loan debt? You have until June 30, 2006, before new interest rates kick in. However, if you are a new graduate, you'll want to weigh the pros and cons of consolidation loans fairly quickly. After graduation, you have a six-month grace period before the loan payments begin. By consolidating during the grace period, you save about one-half a percentage point. A summer 2005 graduate could lock in a 4.7 percent rate on Stafford loans, rather than the 5.3 percent rate that kicks in at the start of the repayment period.

The only drawback to consolidating during your grace period is you'll need to start making payments immediately. Not ready to give up those blissful, payment-free months? You could keep much of your grace period by waiting to consolidate until the last month of the grace period..

With a federal consolidation loan, your lender pays off the balances of all the loans you choose to consolidate and then issues you a new loan. Keep in mind though that once you consolidate your loans, there's no going back.

"Once you consolidate there is no way to un-consolidate," says Patricia Scherschel, vice president of loan consolidation at Sallie Mae. "Consolidation is a one-way street."

The interest rate on a consolidation loan is determined by taking the weighted average of interest rates on the federal education loans the student has and rounding up to the nearest one-eighth of a percentage point, capped at 8.25 percent. The final rate will differ from student to student.

Many borrowers sign on for a consolidation loan because they need more breathing room in their monthly budgets. A consolidation loan can lower a borrower's monthly loan payment by as much as 40 percent while stretching out the repayment period.

If your student loan payments add up to more than 8 percent of your gross monthly salary, you're a good candidate for a consolidation loan.

And you don't need multiple loans to enjoy the benefits of a consolidation loan. If your loan amount is high enough, typically $7,500 or more, you may be able to consolidate a single loan. Even though the initial interest rate on that loan won't change much, it will lock in these lower rates for the life of the loan.